Table 17 Statistical results of Tabular column design problem solved by each algorithm

RSA

26.71453

31.97423

28.72993

2.088627

GWO

26.5315

26.54055

26.53606

0.002728

SCSO

26.53139

26.53278

26.53185

0.000405

WOA

26.54822

27.84929

27.07526

0.480596

RSO

26.70362

33.49289

29.11128

1.846825

HHO

26.53228

26.80122

26.60579

0.079761

SCA

26.5523

27.16397

26.70018

0.138264

AOA

26.82571

28.9194

28.05061

0.712523

SMA

26.531295

26.53184

26.53144

1.90E-04

AO

26.60525

27.01874

26.75546

0.10973

BWO

26.72166

28.24725

27.22501

0.405838

HBWO

26.53129

26.53134

26.5313

9.53E-06