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Table 13 time and space complexity cases of the comparison algorithms

From: Hybrid beluga whale optimization algorithm with multi-strategy for functions and engineering optimization problems

Methods

Time complexity

Space complexity

PSO

O(Npop × (D × Tmax + 1))

O(2Npop × D)

SSA

O(Npop × D + (Npop × D + Npop) × Tmax)

O(Npop × D)

WOA

O(Npop × (D × Tmax + 1))

O(Npop × D)

HHO

O(Npop × (Tmax + D × Tmax + 1))

O(Npop × D)

DO

O(Npop × D + Npop × D × Tmax)

O(Npop × D)

SCSO

O(Npop2 × Tmax)

O(Npop × D)

AO

O(Npop × (D × Tmax + 1))

O(Npop × D)

AOA

O(Npop × (D × Tmax + 1))

O(Npop × D)

BWO

O(Npop × (1 + 1.1Tmax)

O(Npop × D)

LHHO

O(Npop × (Tmax + D × Tmax + 1))

O(Npop × D)

LSMA

O(Npop × (D × Tmax + 1))

O(Npop × D)

HBWO

O(Npop × (D + 1.1Tmax + 5)

O(Npop × D)