CNN-IKOA: convolutional neural network with improved Kepler optimization algorithm for image segmentation: experimental validation and numerical exploration

Journal of Big Data

Table 2 Comparison in terms of PSNR and FSIM metrics

T	IKOA	KOA	TLBO	NOA	CPSOGSA	EO	MSSA	SSA	DE
FSIM metric
T-5	0.9019	0.8978	0.9017	0.9008	0.8941	0.8973	0.8852	0.8849	0.8941
T-7	0.9347	0.9282	0.9350	0.9314	0.9308	0.9310	0.9194	0.9184	0.9218
T-8	0.9463	0.9392	0.9445	0.9399	0.9400	0.9431	0.9301	0.9299	0.9334
T-10	0.9620	0.9527	0.9596	0.9545	0.9572	0.9593	0.9475	0.9476	0.9445
T-12	0.9715	0.9620	0.9685	0.9622	0.9680	0.9706	0.9591	0.9587	0.9536
T-15	0.9793	0.9710	0.9770	0.9693	0.9762	0.9788	0.9718	0.9728	0.9652
T-18	0.9839	0.9779	0.9830	0.9752	0.9833	0.9844	0.9808	0.9804	0.9709
T-20	0.9866	0.9799	0.9851	0.9790	0.9860	0.9878	0.9842	0.9844	0.9738
T-25	0.9920	0.9869	0.9901	0.9826	0.9906	0.9911	0.9894	0.9900	0.9800
T-30	0.9944	0.9906	0.9928	0.9879	0.9933	0.9942	0.9930	0.9930	0.9843
PSNR metric
T-5	21.8829	21.7525	21.8384	21.8396	21.5796	21.6041	21.1349	21.1479	21.5699
T-7	24.3285	23.9740	24.2983	24.0920	24.0531	24.0755	23.5550	23.4417	23.6319
T-8	25.2566	24.8445	25.1949	24.8890	24.8869	25.0859	24.3995	24.3853	24.4867
T-10	26.9283	26.2704	26.7954	26.4204	26.5411	26.7188	25.9164	25.9121	25.7407
T-12	28.2530	27.4573	28.0730	27.5082	27.8740	28.0575	27.2579	27.2046	26.8615
T-15	29.8682	28.9285	29.6784	28.8450	29.4137	29.6845	28.9024	28.9886	28.3238
T-18	31.3447	30.3176	31.0655	29.9693	30.9277	31.1303	30.4275	30.3859	29.3979
T-20	32.2371	31.0429	31.7904	30.7317	31.7590	31.9759	31.2544	31.2630	30.0513
T-25	34.1783	32.9337	33.5885	32.1561	33.5047	33.7189	33.0934	33.1385	31.6174
T-30	35.6710	34.2938	34.9265	33.7634	34.9790	35.2779	34.5685	34.6315	32.8990