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Table 6 Covid-19 Lockdown’s Taxonomy based on three economy-related types of activities in 2020 (1. groceries & pharmacies 2. retail & recreation areas 3. workplaces)

From: Big data insight on global mobility during the Covid-19 pandemic lockdown

Lockdown type

Key features

Representative case

Cyclic type lockdown

Intense few-day long lockdown reoccurring every second or third month with more than four in a year

Argentina: (Fig. 10)

(Several) Distinct type lockdown

Less than four few-day long lockdowns (randomly distributed except spring and autumn windows) with more than two in a year

Australia: (Fig. 11)

Gradual return to full activity

Single intense spring time lockdown with very slow recovery pattern throughout the entire year

Bangladesh: (Fig. 12)

Main lockdown followed by selective workplaces reduction

All types of activity lockdown followed by second selective lockdown with reduction only in the workplaces

Cameroon: (Fig. 13)

Minimal but steady reduction of activity

Except initial spring time, a more intense reduction lockdown limited mainly to workplaces with reduced activity throughout the year with mediocre intensity between 20 and 30% (compared to normal) and an additional selective autumn lockdown for retail and recreational areas

Germany: (Fig. 14) Spain: (Fig. 15)

Retail and Recreation type lockdown

Big focus on intense reduction of activity in retail and recreational areas. Workplaces lockdown limited throughout the year with significant reduction only in the main spring time lockdown. Groceries and pharmacies activity normal or even high, except spring time total lockdown

India: (Fig. 16)

Two main lockdowns with additional short drop in activity

Two main lockdowns (spring and autumn) with additional shorter randomly distributed third lockdown

Israel: (Fig. 17)

Turkey: (Fig. 18)

Two main lockdowns with summer work activity decrease

Two main lockdown (spring and autumn) with additional shorter workplaces activity reduction in the summer. It is combined with extra activity in retail and recreational areas as well as groceries and pharmacies

Italy: (Fig. 19)

Poland: (Fig. 20)

Single intense lockdown

Single intense spring time lockdown with almost normal activity in the rest of the year except one or two outliers which last for only few days (NZ accomplished total eradication of the virus)

Mauritius: (Fig. 21)

New Zealand: (Fig. 22)

Two intense lockdowns

Two very intense lockdowns (spring and autumn) of comparable duration and intensity

Myanmar: (Fig. 23)

Summer time lockdown

Second lockdown is in the middle of the year, with overall intensity higher than in the initial spring time lockdown

Norway: (Fig. 24)

Sweden: (Fig. 25)

Full year intense lockdown

Full year very intense lockdown with comparable intensity throughout the year except spring time total lockdown

Philippines: (Fig. 26)

Second half of the year lockdown

Main lockdown in the second half of the year (usually autumn) with additional minimal lockdown in the spring

Tanzania: (Fig. 27)

Full year lockdown with medium intensity

Spring time total lockdown with additional workplaces activity reduction throughout the year and medium intensity of between 35 and 40% (compared to normal) with additional full year minimal reduction of activity for retail and recreational areas

USA: (Fig. 28)

Russia: (Fig. 29)

Medium intensity lockdown with unusual workplaces activity increase

Spring time total lockdown with additional selective reduction of activity for retail and recreational areas throughout the year. Workplaces activity increased in weeks prior to main lockdown and higher than normal in the following months (with normal activity in the rest of the year). This unusual activity pattern can be found only in one country or state (out of those analyzed by Google): Vietnam

Vietnam: (Fig. 30)