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Table 1 Twitter sentiment analysis using DL techniques

From: Twitter sentiment analysis using hybrid gated attention recurrent network

Author & year

Methodology

Merits

Demerits

Alharbi et al. 2019 [16]

CNN (Convolutional Neural Network)

The behavioural information of the user is included

Difficult to interpret the exact tweet from a group of tweets

Tam et al. 2021 [17]

Hybrid CNN-BiLSTM (Convolution neural network and bidirectional long short-term memory)

The performance of the word embedding techniques is high

Lower classification and retrieval accuracy

Chugh et al. 2021 [18]

DRNN (DeepRNN), SMO (Spider Monkey Optimization) and CSA (Crow Search Algorithm)

Provides better reviews to take effective decisions

Lower performance accuracy

Alamoudi et al. 2021 [19]

Convolutional neural network (CNN), BERT and ALBERT models

Reduction in error rate

Occurrence of mislabelled reviews

Tan et al. 2022 [20]

BERT approach (RoBERTa) with LSTM

Optimization is done using the word embedding technique

Lower classification accuracy

Hasib et al. 2021 [21]

CNN (Convolutional neural network) and DNN

Collected data on the emotions of the airline consumers

Less number of tweets are used

Guedes, G.P. 2020 [24]

UWS, SWS

Efficiency of proposed over the used dataset is found high

High error obtained