Table 6 The Statistical error results of different sets of feature combinations
From: Short-term photovoltaic power production forecasting based on novel hybrid data-driven models
F1 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | \(SV{R}_{RB}\) | \(SV{R}_{Linear}\) | \(BPN{N}^{1}\) | \(BPN{N}^{2}\) |
SSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 14.4960 | 31.3237 | 14.6058 | 14.5608 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 14.0192 | 30.3600 | 14.1565 | 14.1128 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 9.9074 | 27.6873 | 10.2919 | 10.3007 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 9.6023 | 26.8354 | 9.6026 | 9.9837 | |
PSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 14.4938 | 31.2859 | 14.5992 | 14.5939 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 14.0171 | 30.3234 | 14.1501 | 14.1449 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 9.8995 | 27.6931 | 10.3278 | 10.3009 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 9.5750 | 26.8411 | 9.5950 | 9.9840 | |
CSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 14.5190 | 32.1062 | 14.5996 | 14.6109 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 14.0415 | 31.1184 | 14.1505 | 14.1614 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 9.9408 | 27.7186 | 10.2778 | 10.3139 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 9.5351 | 26.8658 | 9.6350 | 9.9966 | |
NNA | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 14.5210 | 32.0508 | 14.6058 | 14.6008 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 14.0437 | 31.0647 | 14.1316 | 14.1516 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 9.8935 | 27.7093 | 10.2919 | 10.2736 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 9.5712 | 26.8568 | 10.5862 | 9.9575 | |
F12 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | \(SV{R}_{RB}\) | \(SV{R}_{Linear}\) | \(BPN{N}^{1}\) | \(BPN{N}^{2}\) |
SSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 4.7500 | 10.9501 | 5.5316 | 5.1200 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 4.6039 | 10.6132 | 5.3614 | 4.9624 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 2.7617 | 4.8848 | 3.6254 | 3.4040 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 2.6768 | 4.7345 | 3.5139 | 3.2993 | |
PSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 4.7683 | 9.5483 | 5.7413 | 4.9426 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 4.6216 | 9.2545 | 5.5646 | 4.7906 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 2.7563 | 5.0958 | 3.7354 | 3.1756 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 2.6715 | 4.9390 | 3.6205 | 3.0779 | |
CSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 4.7799 | 10.9102 | 5.1076 | 5.7279 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 4.6328 | 10.5746 | 4.9504 | 5.5516 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 2.7943 | 4.8865 | 3.3402 | 4.0031 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 2.7083 | 4.7361 | 3.2374 | 3.8800 | |
NNA | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 4.7683 | 10.9497 | 5.5316 | 5.7289 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 4.6216 | 10.6129 | 5.2403 | 5.5526 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 2.7563 | 4.8847 | 3.6328 | 3.4888 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 2.6715 | 4.7344 | 3.5210 | 3.3815 | |
F16 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Â | \(SV{R}_{RB}\) | \(SV{R}_{Linear}\) | \(BPN{N}^{1}\) | \(BPN{N}^{2}\) |
SSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 5.1403 | 10.9640 | 5.4770 | 5.1566 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 4.9206 | 10.6267 | 5.3085 | 4.9980 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 3.3201 | 4.8847 | 3.5821 | 3.3352 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 3.2249 | 4.7344 | 3.4719 | 3.2326 | |
PSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 5.2250 | 10.9619 | 5.4168 | 5.5929 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 5.0027 | 10.6246 | 5.2501 | 5.4208 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 3.4480 | 4.8830 | 3.5586 | 3.6938 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 3.3419 | 4.7328 | 3.4492 | 3.5802 | |
CSO | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 5.1450 | 10.9634 | 5.6816 | 5.1768 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 5.0152 | 10.6261 | 5.5068 | 5.0176 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 3.3145 | 4.8846 | 3.6281 | 3.3326 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 3.2095 | 4.7343 | 3.5165 | 3.2301 | |
NNA | \(RMSE \; (\text{kW})\) | 4.7250 | 10.9593 | 5.4770 | 4.8391 |
\(nRMSE \; (\%)\) | 4.5027 | 10.6221 | 5.7398 | 4.6902 | |
\(MAE \; (\text{kW})\) | 3.0532 | 4.8852 | 4.0252 | 3.0557 | |
\(nMAE \; (\%)\) | 2.7419 | 4.7349 | 3.9013 | 2.9617 | |