Table 8 Big data definitions

[53]

“A large volume of digital data found in government organizations which require different speed, i.e., velocity based on the requirements of the government application domains with a wide variety of data types and sources, and these government big data must be able to guarantee veracity to extract desired value for the target government organization” (p. 41)

[54]

“Big data in information technology is a set of approaches, tools, and methods for processing structured and unstructured data of huge volumes and considerable diversity for obtaining human-perceptible results” (p. 1)

[55]

“Volume: This is the most significant aspect that characterizes Big data—the huge amount/volume. Velocity: Velocity means two things here. The first one is the flow of data—a constant stream of data. The other one is the possibility of making use of real-time data. Variety: It indicates varying characteristics of the data (unstructured data, or data in different structures) as well as of sources that present these data” (p. 853)

[56]

“Big data are data sets so complex that cannot be managed or analyzed using traditional data analysis software. These data sets share 7 common characteristics, the 7Vs: V1—Volume, V2—Velocity, V3—Variety, V4—Veracity, V5—Value, V6—Variability & V7—Visualization” (p. 1094)

[57]

“Veracity, which refers to data accuracy that relates to quality. After which it became possible to develop more sophisticated data analysis software to fulfill the needs of handling the information explosion according to the way it is accessed, searched, processed and managed” (p. 364)