Table 1 Notational conventions (The symbols in the table are in alphabetical order.)

\(A_k\)

Abscissa for the cumulative graph in the case with weights

(Not applicable)

(16)

\(C_k\)

Cumulative average difference between the subpopulations

(3)

(15)

\(D_k\)

Average difference between the subpopulations

(1) and (2)

(1) and (2)

\(\Delta _k\)

Expected slope of \(C_j\) from \(j = k\) to \(j = k+1\)

(6)

(20)

G

Kolmogorov-Smirnov statistic

(11)

(11)

H

Kuiper statistic

(12)

(12)

\(R^j_k\)

(Average) response for subpopulation j’s kth block—random dependent variable, outcome, or result

(Step 4 within section “Unweighted sampling”)

(Readjusted in section “Weighted sampling”)

\(S^j_k\)

(Average) score for subpopulation j’s kth block—non-random independent variable

(Step 4 within section “Unweighted sampling”)

(Readjusted in section “Weighted sampling”)

\(\sigma\)

Scale of random fluctuations over the full range of scores

(13)

(21)

\(T_k\)

Total weight for \(R^0_{k/2}\) or \(R^1_{(k-1)/2}\)

(Not applicable)

(14)

\(W_k\)

Aggregated weight

(Not applicable)

(14)