Fig. 13
From: A graphical method of cumulative differences between two subpopulations
San Francisco County vs. San Joaquin County; \(n =\) 2358; Kuiper’s statistic is \(0.06160 / \sigma = 2.794\), Kolmogorov’s and Smirnov’s is \(0.06025 / \sigma = 2.733\); only the cumulative graph (a) and the otherwise extremely noisy reliability diagrams each with 100 bins (f and g) fully detail the sharp spike at scores just slightly greater than 4. The metrics of Kuiper and of Kolmogorov and Smirnov report some statistically significant deviation between the subpopulations