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Table 1 Hyperparameters for the developed models

From: Modelling customers credit card behaviour using bidirectional LSTM neural networks

Model task

Parameter value

Number of transactional features

3

Number of additional features

8

Number of bidirectional LSTM layers

2

Number of cells in each LSTM layer

4

Number of attention layers

1

Activation function of hidden LSTM layers

Hyperbolic tangent

Number of fully connected layers (dense)

1

Activation function for all dense layers except the output one

Sigmoid

Activation function of the output layer

Sigmoid

Loss function

Binary cross-entropy

Optimizer

Adam