Traits
|
Metric
|
System baseline
|
---|
BERT
|
RoBERTa
|
XLnet
|
BERT + NLP features
|
RoBERTa + NLP features
|
XLNet + NLP features
|
Proposed model
|
---|
Openness
|
Accuracy
|
83.87%
|
81.11%
|
81.51%
|
84.68%
|
84.01%
|
84.35%
|
86.17%
|
F1 Measure
|
0.897
|
0.878
|
0.879
|
0.902
|
0.898
|
0.899
|
0.912
|
Conscientiousness
|
Accuracy
|
68.96%
|
69.43%
|
69.64%
|
70.04%
|
69.70%
|
70.04%
|
70.85%
|
F1 Measure
|
0.545
|
0.561
|
0.566
|
0.613
|
0.615
|
0.615
|
0.652
|
Extraversion
|
Accuracy
|
73.14%
|
72.33%
|
72.27%
|
74.76%
|
75.44%
|
75.51%
|
76.92%
|
F1 Measure
|
0.742
|
0.705
|
0.707
|
0.736
|
0.739
|
0.735
|
0.748
|
Agreeableness
|
Accuracy
|
64.71%
|
65.32%
|
67.00%
|
70.11%
|
70.51%
|
72.33%
|
71.59%
|
F1 Measure
|
0.617
|
0.620
|
0.641
|
0.680
|
0.676
|
0.701
|
0.690
|
Neuroticism
|
Accuracy
|
71.79%
|
71.05%
|
70.24%
|
73.08%
|
74.29%
|
73.75%
|
78.21%
|
F1 Measure
|
0.637
|
0.621
|
0.621
|
0.658
|
0.675
|
0.667
|
0.709
|
Average
|
Accuracy
|
72.50%
|
71.85%
|
72.13%
|
74.53%
|
74.79%
|
75.20%
|
77.34%
|
F1 Measure
|
0.688
|
0.677
|
0.683
|
0.718
|
0.720
|
0.723
|
0.749
|
- The highest performance value resulting from each of the personalities listed in bold