Year
|
Part B
|
Part D
|
DMEPOS
|
Combined
|
---|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
---|
(a) By year
|
2012
|
546
|
0.062
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
2013
|
403
|
0.044
|
465
|
0.069
|
323
|
0.110
|
229
|
0.090
|
2014
|
285
|
0.030
|
329
|
0.047
|
193
|
0.068
|
154
|
0.061
|
2015
|
175
|
0.018
|
224
|
0.031
|
119
|
0.041
|
90
|
0.035
|
2016
|
99
|
0.010
|
135
|
0.018
|
75
|
0.026
|
55
|
0.021
|
PCC
|
Part B
|
Part D
|
DMEPOS
|
Combined
|
---|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
Fraud
|
%Fraud
|
---|
(b) Class imbalance and rarity
|
All
|
1409
|
0.038
|
1018
|
0.048
|
635
|
0.074
|
437
|
0.062
|
1000
|
1000
|
0.027
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
400
|
400
|
0.011
|
400
|
0.019
|
400
|
0.046
|
–
|
–
|
200
|
200
|
0.005
|
200
|
0.010
|
200
|
0.023
|
200
|
0.026
|
100
|
–
|
–
|
100
|
0.005
|
100
|
0.012
|
100
|
0.013
|