TY - STD TI - Kim D, Wang H, Oh A.H. Context-dependent conceptualization. In: Proceedings of 23rd international joint conference artificial intelligence; 2013. p. 2654–2661. ID - ref1 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lenat, D. B. AU - Davis, R. PY - 1982 DA - 1982// TI - Knowledge-based systems in artificial intelligence PB - McGrav-Hill. Nev CY - New York ID - Lenat1982 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Lenat, D. B. AU - Guha, R. V. PY - 1989 DA - 1989// TI - Building large knowledge-based systems; representation and inference in the Cyc project PB - Addison-Wesley Longman Publishing Co., Inc. CY - Boston ID - Lenat1989 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Baeza-Yates, R. AU - Ribeiro-Neto, B. PY - 1999 DA - 1999// TI - Modern Information Retrieval PB - ACM Press CY - New York ID - Baeza-Yates1999 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Deerwester, S. AU - Dumais, S. T. AU - Furnas, G. W. AU - Landauer, T. K. AU - Harshman, R. PY - 1990 DA - 1990// TI - Indexing by latent semantic analysis JO - J Am Soc Inform Sci VL - 41 UR - https://doi.org/3.0.CO;2-9 DO - 3.0.CO;2-9 ID - Deerwester1990 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Budanitsky, A. AU - Hirst, G. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Evaluating wordnet-based measures of lexical semantic relatedness JO - Comput Linguist VL - 32 UR - https://doi.org/10.1162/coli.2006.32.1.13 DO - 10.1162/coli.2006.32.1.13 ID - Budanitsky2006 ER - TY - STD TI - Jarmasz M. Roget’s thesaurus as a lexical resource for natural language processing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1204.0140. 2012. UR - http://arxiv.org/abs/1204.0140 ID - ref7 ER - TY - STD TI - Sahami M, Heilman TD. A web-based kernel function for measuring the similarity of short text snippets. In: Proceedings of 15th international conference world wide web; 2006. p. 377–86. ID - ref8 ER - TY - STD TI - Yih WT, Meek C. Improving similarity measures for short segments of text. In: Proceedings of 22nd national conference artificial intelligence; 2007. p. 1489–94. ID - ref9 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Shen, D. AU - Pan, R. AU - Sun, J. -. T. AU - Pan, J. J. AU - Wu, K. AU - Yin, J. AU - Yang, Q. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Query enrichment for web-query classification JO - ACM Trans Inf Syst VL - 24 UR - https://doi.org/10.1145/1165774.1165776 DO - 10.1145/1165774.1165776 ID - Shen2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Fellbaum, C. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Wordnet: an electronic lexical database JO - IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng VL - 28 UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2015.2485224 DO - 10.1109/TKDE.2015.2485224 ID - Fellbaum2016 ER - TY - STD TI - Hu X, Sun N, Zhang C, Chua T.-S. Exploiting internal and external semantics for the clustering of short texts using world knowledge. In: Proceedings of 18th ACM conference information knowledge manage; 2009. p. 919–28. ID - ref12 ER - TY - STD TI - Banerjee S, Ramanathan K, Gupta A. Clustering short texts using wikipedia. In: Proceedings of 30th annual international ACM SIGIR conference research and development information retrieval; 2007. p. 787–88. ID - ref13 ER - TY - STD TI - Gabrilovich E, Markovitch S. Computing semantic relatedness using wikipedia-based explicit semantic analysis. In: Proceedings of 20th international joint conference artificial intelligent; 2007. p. 1606–11. ID - ref14 ER - TY - STD TI - Gabrilovich E, Markovitch S. Feature generation for text categorization using world knowledge. In: Proceedings 19th international joint conference artificial intelligence; 2005. p. 1048–53. ID - ref15 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Giles, J. PY - 2005 DA - 2005// TI - Internet encyclopaedias go head to head JO - Nature VL - 438 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/438900a DO - 10.1038/438900a ID - Giles2005 ER - TY - STD TI - Beitzel SM, Jensen EC, Frieder O, Grossman D, Lewis DD, Chowdhury A, Kolcz A. Automatic web query classification using labeled and unlabeled training data. In: Proceedings of the 28th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. New York: ACM; 2005. p. 581–82. ID - ref17 ER - TY - STD TI - Gravano L, Hatzivassiloglou V, Lichtenstein R. Categorizing web queries according to geographical locality. In: Proceedings of the twelfth international conference on information and knowledge management. New York: ACM; 2003. p. 325–33. ID - ref18 ER - TY - STD TI - Kang I.-H., Kim G. Query type classification for web document retrieval. In: Proceedings of the 26th annual international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval. New York: ACM; 2003. p. 64–71. ID - ref19 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Salakhutdinov, R. AU - Hinton, G. PY - 2009 DA - 2009// TI - Semantic hashing JO - Int J Approx Reason VL - 50 UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijar.2008.11.006 DO - 10.1016/j.ijar.2008.11.006 ID - Salakhutdinov2009 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hinton, G. E. PY - 2002 DA - 2002// TI - Training products of experts by minimizing contrastive divergence JO - Neural Comput VL - 14 UR - https://doi.org/10.1162/089976602760128018 DO - 10.1162/089976602760128018 ID - Hinton2002 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Yu, Z. AU - Wang, H. AU - Lin, X. AU - Wang, M. PY - 2016 DA - 2016// TI - Understanding short texts through semantic enrichment and hashing JO - IEEE Trans Knowl Data Eng VL - 28 UR - https://doi.org/10.1109/TKDE.2015.2485224 DO - 10.1109/TKDE.2015.2485224 ID - Yu2016 ER - TY - STD TI - Wu W, Li H, Wang H, Zhu KQ. Probase: a probabilistic taxonomy for text understanding. In: Proceedings of the international conference manage Data. New York: ACM; 2012. p. 481–92. ID - ref23 ER - TY - STD TI - Song Y, Wang H, Li H, Chen W. Short text conceptualization using a probabilistic knowledge base. In: Proceedings of 22nd international joint conference artificial intelligence; 2011. p. 2330–36. ID - ref24 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Rumelhart, D. E. AU - Hinton, G. E. AU - Williams, R. J. PY - 1986 DA - 1986// TI - Learning representations by back-propagating errors JO - Nature VL - 323 UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/323533a0 DO - 10.1038/323533a0 ID - Rumelhart1986 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Mitchell, T. M. PY - 1997 DA - 1997// TI - Machine learning PB - McGraw-Hill CY - New York ID - Mitchell1997 ER - TY - BOOK AU - Anderson, J. A. AU - Davis, J. PY - 1995 DA - 1995// TI - An introduction to neural networks PB - MIT Press CY - Cambridge ID - Anderson1995 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hinton, G. E. AU - Osindero, S. AU - Teh, Y. -. W. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - A fast learning algorithm for deep belief nets JO - Neural Comput VL - 18 UR - https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.2006.18.7.1527 DO - 10.1162/neco.2006.18.7.1527 ID - Hinton2006 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Harris, Z. S. PY - 1954 DA - 1954// TI - Distributional structure JO - Word VL - 10 UR - https://doi.org/10.1080/00437956.1954.11659520 DO - 10.1080/00437956.1954.11659520 ID - Harris1954 ER - TY - JOUR AU - Hinton, G. E. AU - Salakhutdinov, R. R. PY - 2006 DA - 2006// TI - Reducing the dimensionality of data with neural networks JO - Science VL - 313 UR - https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1127647 DO - 10.1126/science.1127647 ID - Hinton2006 ER -