Table 3  Audio-based categorization using deep learning methods

Environmental sound classification and acoustic scene classification

ResNet

[45, 70, 97, 112]

Autoencoder DNN

[98,99,100, 120]

Snore sound classification, speech emotion recognition, and respiratory sound classification

Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU)

[24, 128, 175]

Various applications

Deep neural network (DNN)

[77, 121, 125, 128, 146]

CNN

[32, 40, 76, 81, 86, 88, 96, 128, 140, 157, 161, 165, 167, 173, 174, 177, 178, 180]

Deep CNN (DCNN)

[102, 111, 179]

Sound event detection, speaker detection

Bidirectional gated

[177, 178, 180]

Recurrent neural

Networks (BiGRU)

Environmental audio classifications

(BEIT) Bidirectional encoder

Wyatt et al. [170]

Illustration from

Transformers

Sound event recognition

Audio event recognition network (AReN)

Greco et al. [60]

Environmental sound and acoustic scene classification

Sound/event credit network

[45, 47, 112]

Sound event detection

Adaboost

Ykhlef et al. [174]

Sound classification

Using the restricted boltzmann machine, DNN was trained

Ozer et al. [124]